Carcinoma of Cervix Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Carcinoma of Cervix - Essay Example 90% of all carcinomas of the cervix are of the squamous cell type. The cervix is the extension of the uterus into the top part of the vagina. A small passage through the middle of the cervix leads into the cavity of the uterus. In a normal situation, squamous epithelium lines the cervix from this opening outwards. The inside of the cervix normally has a more fragile epithelium lining, which under normal circumstances is not exposed to the environment. Certain hormonal changes such as pregnancy and the oral contraceptive pill may cause the inner lining from inside the cervix to migrate outwards to be visible on the outside of the cervix. This is sometimes referred to as an erosion by doctors (Virtual Center 2002-2007)." This case in general is common to women and this occurs during child bearing years, and somehow, our subject, Mrs. Ana Gillam can also be part of this since she is suffering from almost the same kind of problem. This case happens in ages 20's, 30's or 40's, all of which can be related to sexual relationships. According to the same source, (Virtual Medical centre 2002-2007), cervical tumors can be found worldwide but is greatly known in the western part of the world. And because many people are still nave on the fact and information about cervical cancer, it is best to analyze the different factors affecting or causing the disease. One reason of factor is the infection of the Human Papilloma Virus. This means that factors that increase the woman's risk of getting Human Papilloma Virus can also increase the risk of getting the cancer. Also, an intercourse without using contraceptives can add to the said risk, and this is along with having multiple sexual partners. Sex with a partner with penile warts can be one cause of spreading or worsening the situation. Mrs. Gillan, however did not mention anything about the case of having penile warts from a partner but having several husbands could have caused the symptoms that she's having. Precancerous changes and early cancers of the cervix generally do not cause pain or other symptoms. It is important not to wait to feel pain before seeing a doctor. When the disease gets worse, women may notice one or more of these symptoms: Abnormal vaginal bleeding -Bleeding that occurs between regular menstrual periods -Bleeding after sexual intercourse, douching, or a pelvic exam -Menstrual periods that last longer and are heavier than before -Bleeding after menopause - Increased vaginal discharge - Pelvic pain - Pain during sexual intercourse Infections or other health problems may also cause these symptoms. Only a doctor can tell for sure. A woman with any of these symptoms should tell her doctor so that problems can be diagnosed and treated as early as possible. Smoking is also a big factor in acquiring cervical cancer. This is the reason why it is best to keep from smoking especially for women. If a woman has a symptom or Pap test results that suggest precancerous cells or cancer of the cervix, her doctor will suggest other procedures to make a diagnosis. These may include: - Colposcopy: The doctor uses a colposcope to look at the cervix. The colposcope combines a bright light with a magnifying lens to make tissue easier to see. It is not inserted into the vagina. A colposcopy is usually done in the doctor's office or clinic. - Biopsy: The doctor removes tissue to look for precancerous cells

Draper Engineering case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Draper Engineering case study - Essay Example Usually, the conditions in the organizational environment – internal and external – influence the potentials of the organization for growth. At this point, the ability of organizational leaders to introduce strategies that will help the firm to increase its competitiveness is critical. Current paper focuses on the examination of the performance of Draper Engineering, a firm operating in the automotive and transport industry. The SWOT analysis is used as a strategic tool in order to identify the firm’s advantages and weaknesses and to check whether its potentials within the particular industry are significant or not. Moreover, the relationship between the firm and its contractors is reviewed and evaluated; measures are also suggested so that the above relationship to be improved, as possible, taking into consideration the current market conditions and the resources available. It is concluded that, currently, the performance of the organization is characterized by a series of failures; the introduction of certain policies, as suggested below, can help the organizational performance to be improved, even in the long term. 2. Draper Engineering – SWOT analysis – improvement of weaknesses 2.1 SWOT analysis In order to understand the current status of the firm in terms of its performance, it would be necessary to develop a SWOT analysis. The specific technique helps to identify a firm’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The advantage of the specific technique is that its elements are not standardized – only their classification in the four above categories needs to have the particular format (Analoui et al. 2003). Otherwise, a variety of organizational characteristics and elements can be included in the specific analysis – depending on the information provided by the organization and the market conditions, which can lead to different assumptions on a firm’s potentials for growth (Burtonshaw -Gunn 2009). For instance, for a specific organization, outsourcing can be a competitive advantage (when the technology used by the firm’s partner is significant and the increase of the firm’s productivity is important); however, for another firm outsourcing may be a weakness, when the contribution of the contractor in the increase of the firm’s performance is quite low while the costs of outsourcing are high. From this point of view, the SWOT analysis of Draper Engineering will be based on the information available but also on the expected performance of the firm in accordance with the current market performance – in other words, the potentials of a firm of this size within the specific industry would be considered as a standard – minimum – of performance which the firm should reach. If it is proved that such performance is not achieved, then the causes for this outcome will be identified and evaluated. The SWOT analysis of the particular o rganization could be developed as follows: a) Strengths The firm operates in the automotive and transport industry, a sector with many perspectives, if taking into consideration the level of the use of its products in markets worldwide. Moreover, the products of the firm are not quite common in the market; in accordance with the case study the firm focuses on the production of ‘drive shafts and track rods’ (case study, p.1) for the particular industry. This means that the firm has two significant advantages: it is part of an industry which has an important presence in the global market and